Emergency-governor.



1%,859338. PATBNTED JULY 9,1907.

F. SAMUELSON. v f EMERGENGY GOVERNOR;

APPLIOATION FILED JAN. 17, 1905.

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W}n esses .f Inventor. I Frederick Samuelson. W w I fltt I PATENTED JULY9, 1907- F. SAMUBLSON. EMERGENCY GOVERNOR.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 17, 1905.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FREDERICK SAMUELSON, OF RUGBY, ENGLAND, ASSIGNOR TO GENERAL ELECTRICCOMPANY, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

EMERGENCY-GOVERNOR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 9, 1907.

Application filed il'anua'ry 17,1905. Serial No. 241,461.

To all whom it may concerns,

' Be it known that I, FREDERICK SAMUELSON, a sub-.

ject of the King of Sweden, residing at Rugby, England, haveinventedcertain new and useful Improve ments in Emergency-Governors, ofwhich the follow ing is a specification. 1 1 My invention relates toemergencygoverning devices for steam turbines, electrical or othermachines an electric generator, isautomatically'cut ofi when the speedbecomes excessive.

The object of my invention isto provide a centrifugally-operatedgoverning device of improved construction which shall operate moresmoothly upon the valve releasing or controlling mechanismthan-apparatus usually employed. 7

In carrying out my invention I provide a centrifugally-acting Weight,such as'a ring, which surrounds the rotating shaft of the machine or ashaft driven thereby and while positively rotated by the shaft is freeto move in a plane transverse to the axis of rotation. The mass of theweight or centriiugally-acting element is unequallydistributed withrespect to the I axis of rotation and is normally held in position by ayielding member or spring which is overpoweredwhen the centrifugal forceexceeds a certain amount. In its normal position the periphery of theweight is preferably but not necessarily concentric with the axis of theshaft but in its operative or abnormal position it is eccentric.(lo-operating with a suitable portion of the weight is any suitableregulating mechanism which is operated when the'weight assumes anabnormal position. I

In the accompanying drawings which illustrate one embodiment of theinvention, Figure 1 is an elevation,

with portions in section, of an elastic-fluid turbine of the verticaltype with my-invention applied thereto; Fig.3 is a transverse section online 2 2, Fig. 1, show ing the centrifugally-acting weight in its normalor inoperative position; and Fig. 3 is a similar section showing thesaid centrifugal weight in its operative position. I

Referring to the drawings, 1 represents a casing of a turbine of anydesired construction, which turbine may beof the horizontal or verticaltype. v The casing contains the usual buckets and fluid-dischargingdevices.

2 is. a stool for supporting a dynamo-electric machine of any suitablecharacter (not shown).

3 is the main. shaft and 4 a guide bemng between 'the turbine casing 1and the superposed dynamo-electric machine. Above the guide bearing andkeyed to the shaft is one'mernbcr or sleeve 5 of a coupling to which thecentrifugally-acting weight 6 is preferably, although not necessarily,attached so as to rotate therewith. The weight is preferably a ringhaving a smooth circular periphery and surrounds the hub of the sleeve5. Thering is supported in ahorizontal position, or in a positiontransverse to the axis of the shaft, and is preferably supported on tworadiallydisposed diametrically-opposite guide pins 7 on which it iscapable of sliding. As shown in Figs. 2 and 3, the mass'oi the ring isunequally distributed about its centrifugal action of the weight. Theouter end of geometricalcenter. In the heavier side of the ring isprovided a radially-disposed opening 8 into which one .of the pinsextend, and in the opening is arrangeda spiral compression spring 9 thattends to oppose the the pin that holds the spring is providedwith a head10 or its equivalent which forms one abutment for the spring, the walllocated at the inner end of the opening 8 formingthe other abutment. Thespring is sup ported by the pin so that there is a clearance between itsperiphery and the cylindrical wall of the opening. By supporting thespring-on the pin instead of supporting it on the weight, the balancingof the parts is facilitated. Thempring is normally under compression andis of sufficient strength to maintain the weight in theposition"i-ndicated in Fig. 2 with its inner surface against the sleeve5, for all speeds below the crit-' ical. When the angular velocity ofthe turbine shaft reaches the critical speed the weight is movedtransversely against the increasing tension ofthe spring to theoperative position'shown in Fig. 3. This transverse movement is utilizedto operate any suitable regulating or governing mechanism which, in thepresent instance, is an emergencywalve for shutting off the supply ofelastic fluid to the turbine.

The governing mechanism comprises a lever 11 which is fulcrumed on avertical pivot 12 supported nozzles. Any suitable quick acting mechanismmay be employed for closing the valve 15 when'the emergency governor iscalled into play; I have showh' in this connection a motor,-such-as aweight 17 caron the. bracket 13 which is bolted or otherwise 88-1 riedon a release lever 18 which is held inset position by interlockinglatches 19 located on the lever 18 and f bell-crank lever 20. Thebell-crankilever is attached to the rod 14. With this arrangementwhenthe rod 14- is moved by the action oi thegoverning weight the wePatent of theUnited Stat'es, is,"

22 of the butterfly, a, hammer proportionalto that of them'ain shaft.

latche's 19 ai'e releasei' thereby permitting the weight .111 accordancewith-the'provisions of the patent statntes,"I have describedftheprinciples of operation of'my invention, together with the apparatuswhich I- now consider torepresent' thebest embodiment thereofz but Idesire w en it understood that the apparatus shown is only illustrative,and that the invention can be carried out by equivalent means.

What I claim as new'and desire to secure by Let- 1 In anemergencygovernor of'the character described, the combination of a rotatingshaft, a single centrifugallyd eting weightcpositively drivenfby theshaft and arranged to move bo diiyin one plane, and a'regulatingmechanism operated by said Weight.

' in an emergency governor of the character described, the combinationof a rotating shaft a centrifugally acting weight which surrounds theshaft and is positively driven thereby, means for opposing the acillon0f the weight, and :L mechanism arranged adjacent the path of the weightwhich is operated by the latter when it acts centrifugally for shutting,off the supply power ,to" or from the machine ii, in a governor, thecombination of a rotating shaft.

:1 centrifug'nily-acting weight, means carried by the shaft 'on'whiclithe weight is siidably mounted to move in a plane transvcrseto the axisof rotati n. means for opposing the action of the weight, and atheweight. i t

4, In a governor, the combination of a rotating 'sha'ft'. acentrifugally-acting weight which surrounds the shaft,

mcln-inism operated by mcans for supporting the weight on the shaftand-permitting it to move in a plane at right angles to the latter.means located between the shaft and the weight for opposing the movementof the latter, and a mechanism operated by the weight.

5. In a governor. the combination of a rotating shaft, acentrifugnllyhcting wcight '\\'hich st'wrounds the shaft, radiuliycxtending supporting means on the shaft for the weight and on which thelaitcr, is free o move, means for opposing the act ion of the weight,and mechanism operated by the weight. G. in a governor, the combinationof a rotating shaft. an annular centrit'ugallyucting nieinhcrsurrounding the shaft, radially-cxionding and diamctricaily-opposcd promachine it might equally jections on the 'shaft. whi'ch support thesaidmember, means for opposing the action of the member and a regulatingmechanisrnoperated by the member.

7. In a governor. the combination of a rotating, shaft, acentrifugally-acting member on the shatndinmetricaliydisposedprojections on the sh'aft'for supporting the member, means arranged onone of the projections and disposed within the periphery of the memberfor opposing the centrifugal action of the latter, and a means actuatedby the said member. I

8; In a governor, the combination of a rotating shaft. an unequallyweighted ringQprojections on the-shaft which movably support the ring;an abutment arrangedon one of the projections which is disposed withinthe periphery oi the'ring, a, spring on the said projection betweentheahutment and the ring wliiclropposes the centrifugal action of thelatter, and a means'adapted to, be actuated by the ring which engagesthe periphery thereof. l

9. In :1 governing mechanismof the characterdescribed,

'the combination of a shaft-n radially-moving weight driven by theshaft, :1 guide which directs the radial movements of the weight, ameans opposing the movements of the weight, and acontroller actuated ,bythe weight. 10. In a governor, the combination of a rotating shaft, aring-surrounding the shaft and rotating therewith, the

axis at tire ring being offset from the axis of the shaft so i that it\villtend to more under centrifugal action, means for supporting thering which permits it to move in a engage with the periphery of the rim:so as to be nciuatcd plane transverse to the axis of the shaft, and aregiilating mechanism 'a(la1 itcd to be actuated by the ring.

11; in a aovernoiu'ihe combination of a shaft. :1 centrifugallyncting;ring having a smooth periphery, and a regulating mechanism adaptedto'e'ngage with the periphcry of' the rim: sons to be actuated thereby.I 12. In a governor, the combination ot n shaft, a centrlfugally-aciingrim: having a smooth periphery and ot' minimum and maximum cross-sectionat diametrically opposite points, and a regulatingmechanism adapted tothereby.

13. In a governor, the combination of u rotating: shaft, an elementrotating with the shaft whose muss is unequally distributed with respectiotho nxbi of rotation, 'mcansconncciing the element with the shaftwhich por- [nits it to more under centrifugal action in a pianotransverse to the axis of rotation, nhdevice which oppmwfl the movementof the element. and a regulating mechanism arranged to bc actuated bysaid element when the speed of rotation exceeds a certain limit.

14. In a goyernor, the combination of a rointiinr shnf t. acchi'rifugully-ncting incmbcr. projections on the shaft which moviihlysupports the member. a spring mounted on one oi the projections whichopposes the ccuiriiugnl action of the. incnibcr ilind regulating moansactuated by said memb l I In wltn whcreot', I have hcrcuutt'i sci: myhand this second day of January, 1905.

Witnesses I Enxns'r llinmtn, Frriuci. )1. Warm.

